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Living systems usually operate under conditions far from thermodynamic equilibrium, which leads to very unusual to change the laws of inanimate nature of the free energy and entropy. In other words, life - is a process, a dynamic state, which is caused by complex interactions of matter, energy and information.
Biophysics showed full justice to biology such fundamental laws of physics and its importance. These include studies of the structure of proteins, nucleic acids and their complexes, the mechanisms of enzymes. In addition to these general approaches to biological phenomena from the standpoint of modern physics biophysics to solve a wide range of more specific issues that are of great theoretical and practical importance. Such as the structure and function of membranes, the physical basis of bioenergetics, photosynthesis, the molecular basis of biological mobility, the physical mechanisms of perception of light, sound, mechanical stress, receptors of taste and smell, the molecular mechanisms of action of ionizing radiation, electromagnetic fields of radio and optical, acoustic waves, the nature memory, and the foundations of the nervous system and brain;
mechanisms underlying the development of individual and intercellular interactions, self-organization of biological systems, biomechanics and management issues in biological systems.
Even a short list of problems that are studied biophysics, shows their great diversity and complexity. For their successful solutions using various scientific methods. Biophysics in service today, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, radioisotopes, radio spectroscopy of electron and nuclear magnetic resonance, optical spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, activation analysis, different methods of electronics and cybernetics, computer science, mathematical modeling, and much, much more. |